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How bot detection misfires on non-mainstream browsers and privacy tools
Every time there's a Hacker News thread about bots, bot detection, or CAPTCHAs, a familiar complaint shows up:
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From Puppeteer stealth to Nodriver: How anti-detect frameworks evolved to evade bot detection
Browser automation tools like Puppeteer, Playwright, and Selenium are widely used for testing, scraping, and other automation tasks. However, because
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What TikTok’s virtual machine tells us about modern bot defenses
A recent Hacker News post looked at the reverse engineering of TikTok’s JavaScript virtual machine (VM). Many commenters assumed
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Fraudulent email domain tracker: May 2025
This is the second edition of our monthly tracker highlighting email domains linked to fraudulent activity. Just like in April’
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What a Binance CAPTCHA solver tells us about today’s bot threats
In this post, we analyze an open-source CAPTCHA solver designed to bypass a custom challenge deployed on Binance, one
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Detecting Hidemium: Fingerprinting inconsistencies in anti-detect browsers
This is the fourth article in our series on anti-detect browsers. In the previous post, we explained how to
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Detect and crash Chromium bots with one weird trick (bots hate it!)
Disclaimer: If you're here for the holy grail of bot detection, this may not be it, unless your
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Fraudulent email domain tracker: April 2025
This is the first release in a new Castle series highlighting email domains associated with fraudulent activity. Our goal is
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Understanding disposable emails
Disposable email addresses are temporary inboxes that allow users to receive messages without linking the address to a long-term
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How dare you trust the user agent for bot detection?
In every HTTP request, the user agent header acts as a self-declared identity card for the client—typically a
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Why traditional bot detection techniques are not enough, and what you can do about it
Bots are often used to conduct attacks at scale. They can be used to automatically test stolen credit cards, steal
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Bot detection 101: How to detect bots In 2025?
The good old days where bots used PhantomJS and could be detected because they didn’t support basic JavaScript features